Tirzepatide is a synthetic peptide that acts as a dual agonist for GLP-1 and GIP receptors. It is widely used to improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes and to promote significant weight loss in adults with obesity. It is administered once a week via subcutaneous injection. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

How It Works

Tirzepatide mimics two natural incretin hormones: [1, 2, 3]

• GLP-1 (Glucagon-like peptide-1): Slows stomach emptying to promote fullness and suppresses appetite in the brain.

• GIP (Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide): Stimulates insulin release when blood sugar is high and may also reduce food intake. [1, 2]

Approved Medications

Tirzepatide is the active ingredient in two FDA-approved, prescription medications: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

• Mounjaro: Approved for the management of type 2 diabetes.

• Zepbound: Approved for chronic weight management in adults with obesity or those who are overweight with a weight-related condition. [1, 2, 3, 4]

Common Side Effects

The most frequent side effects are gastrointestinal in nature: [1, 2, 3, 4]

• Nausea

• Vomiting

• Diarrhea or constipation

• Stomach pain